什么是心包炎?
心包炎 is inflammation of the pericardium, a sac-like structure with two thin layers of tissue that surround the heart to hold it in place and help it work. A small amount of fluid keeps the layers separate so there’s less friction between them as the heart beats.
一个共同的 症状 心包炎的 胸部疼痛, caused by the sac’s layers becoming inflamed and possibly rubbing against the heart. It may feel like pain from a 心脏病.
If you have 胸部疼痛, call 911 right away because you may be having a 心脏病. 了解 warning signs for a 心脏病.
概述
心包炎 can be attributed to several factors, 包括病毒, 细菌, fungal and other infections. Other possible causes of pericarditis include 心脏病 or 心脏手术, other medical conditions, injuries and medications.
心包炎 can be acute, meaning it happens suddenly and typically doesn’t last long. Or the condition may be "chronic," meaning that it develops over time and may take longer to treat.
Both types of pericarditis can disrupt your heart’s normal function. 在极少数情况下, pericarditis can have very serious consequences, possibly leading to abnormal heart rhythm and death.
前景
心包炎 is frequently mild and may clear up on its own with rest or simple 治疗. 有时，更激烈 治疗 is needed to prevent complications.
Recovery time from pericarditis may vary depending on the type of condition and the patient’s health. Consultation with a health care professional can determine this.
Other types of pericarditis
- Idiopathic pericarditis (no known cause)
- Acute fibrinous pericarditis and acute purulent pericarditis (forms of acute pericarditis)
- Chronic effusive pericarditis and chronic constrictive pericarditis (forms of chronic pericarditis)
- 复发性心包炎
心包炎的原因
The cause 心包炎的 often unknown, though viral infections are a common reason. 心包炎 may occur after a respiratory or digestive system infection.
Chronic and recurring pericarditis may be caused by autoimmune disorders such as lupus, scleroderma and rheumatoid arthritis. These are disorders in which the body’s immune system makes antibodies that mistakenly attack the body’s tissues or cells.
Other possible causes of pericarditis are:
- Heart attack and 心脏手术
- Kidney failure, HIV/AIDS, cancer, tuberculosis and other health problems
- Injuries from accidents or radiation therapy
- Certain medicines, such as phenytoin (an anti-seizure medicine), warfarin and heparin (both blood-thinning medicines)和普鲁卡因胺(a medicine to treat irregular heartbeats)
Who is at risk for pericarditis?
心包炎 affects people of all ages, but men ages 16 to 65 are more likely to develop it.
Among those treated for acute pericarditis, up to 30% may experience the condition again, with a small number eventually developing chronic pericarditis.
